African Journal of Social Sciences

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (AJSS)

ISSN 2045-8460 (ONLINE)

ISSN 2045-8452 (PRINT)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this journal is to disseminate knowledge and to promote intellectual discussions, research analyses, and pragmatic studies including critiques on topics relevant to wider area of social sciences. AJSS is a multidisciplinary journal covering subjects such as politics, economics, media, information technology, geography, governance, law, foreign trade, corporate social responsibility, business administration, banking/finance, and many others. Scholars and professionals are invited to contribute their knowledge and experience. AJSS publishes only original research papers, research notes and reviews. Papers may be in the form of book review, original manuscripts etc. All manuscripts undergo peer reviews. AJSS is a fast growing and highly rated international journal and listed on the front page of the American Economic Association's World Top Journals list (Econlit); The American Economic Association's electronic database maintains high-quality standards long recognized by subscribers to the Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) and is a reliable source of citations and abstracts to economic and social science research.

EDITOR IN CHIEF

Professor Dimitris Kamsaris, Monarch Business School, University for Graduate School and Management, Switzerland

DEPUTY EDITOR-IN-CHIEF [1]

Professor (Mrs) Jane Kabubo-Mariara, Director and Dean, School of Economics, University of Nairobi, Kenya

DEPUTY EDITOR-IN-CHIEF [2]

Professor Ronald E. Hall, School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States

DEPUTY EDITOR-IN-CHIEF [3]

Professor Jason L. Powell, Dept. of Social Gerontology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, England, United Kingdom

DEPUTY EDITOR-IN-CHIEF [4]

Professor Simon Odey Ering, Department of Sociology, Faculty Social Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

Professor Abdulkadir A Egal, Centre for Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa

Professor Godwin A. Ugal, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria

Professor Aida M. El-Asfahani, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi-Al Ain, UAE

Professor M. M Rahman, Dept of Population Science & Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Professor Akalemwa Ngenda , School of Law, Brunel University, England, United Kingdom

Professor Gbenga Oduntan, School of Law, University of Kent, England, United Kingdom

Professor Akpan H. Ekpo, West African Institute For Financial and Economic Management c/o Central Bank of Nigeria Learning Centre, Lagos, Nigeria

Professor Jamal Barzegari Khanaghah, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Iran

Professor M. M Rahman, Dept of Population Science & Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Professor Christopher Ugwu, Dean

of Social Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

Professor Neyole E. Masinde, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology(MMUST), Kenya

Professor (Mrs) Ashish Virk, Institute of Laws, Panjab University Regional Centre, Punjab, India

Professor J. B. Miima, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology(MMUST), Kenya

Professor Nicholas Ofiaja, Centre for Ethnic Studies, The City University of New York, United States

Professor Catherine Gakii Murungi, Department of Early Childhood Studies, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya

Professor Farouq Ahmad Faleh Al Azzam, Jadara University, Jordan

INDEXING

Econlit (American Economic Association Index)

EBSCO

IndexCopernicus

German National Library

Global Development Network (GDNet)

Social Science Research Network

Google Scholar

International Abstracts in Operations Research

Environmental Science and Pollution Management

Research Alert

Wanfang Data

LOCKSS

IDEAS, which uses RePEc data

Universal Digital Library

Munich International Library Index Network MPRA

Anton's Weekly Digest

Bodleian Libraries of the University of Oxford

Cambridge University Library

National Library of Scotland

Library of Trinity College, Dublin

National Library of Wales

CLICK THE LINKS TO SEE THE PUBLISHED CONTENTS

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES (AJSS)

ISSN 2045-8460 (ONLINE)

ISSN 2045-8452 (PRINT)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

EDITOR IN CHIEF

Professor Dimitris Kamsaris, Monarch Business School, University for Graduate School and Management, Switzerland

DEPUTY EDITOR-IN-CHIEF [1]

Professor (Mrs) Jane Kabubo-Mariara, Director and Dean, School of Economics, University of Nairobi, Kenya

DEPUTY EDITOR-IN-CHIEF [2]

Professor Ronald E. Hall, School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States

DEPUTY EDITOR-IN-CHIEF [3]

Professor Jason L. Powell, Dept. of Social Gerontology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, England, United Kingdom

DEPUTY EDITOR-IN-CHIEF [4]

Professor Simon Odey Ering, Department of Sociology, Faculty Social Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria.

EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS

Professor Abdulkadir A Egal, Centre for Sustainable Livelihoods, Vaal University of Technology, South Africa

Professor Godwin A. Ugal, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Calabar, Nigeria

Professor Aida M. El-Asfahani, Faculty of Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi-Al Ain, UAE

Professor M. M Rahman, Dept of Population Science & Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Professor Akalemwa Ngenda , School of Law, Brunel University, England, United Kingdom

Professor Gbenga Oduntan, School of Law, University of Kent, England, United Kingdom

Professor Akpan H. Ekpo, West African Institute For Financial and Economic Management c/o Central Bank of Nigeria Learning Centre, Lagos, Nigeria

Professor Jamal Barzegari Khanaghah, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Iran

Professor M. M Rahman, Dept of Population Science & Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Professor Christopher Ugwu, Dean

of Social Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

Professor Neyole E. Masinde, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology(MMUST), Kenya

Professor (Mrs) Ashish Virk, Institute of Laws, Panjab University Regional Centre, Punjab, India Professor J. B. Miima, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology(MMUST), Kenya

Professor Nicholas Ofiaja, Centre for Ethnic Studies, The City University of New York, United States

Professor Catherine Gakii Murungi, Department of Early Childhood Studies, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya

Professor Farouq Ahmad Faleh Al Azzam, Jadara University, Jordan

INDEXING

Econlit (American Economic Association Index)

EBSCO

IndexCopernicus

German National Library

Global Development Network (GDNet)

Social Science Research Network

Google Scholar

International Abstracts in Operations Research

Environmental Science and Pollution Management

Research Alert

Wanfang Data

LOCKSS

IDEAS, which uses RePEc data

Universal Digital Library

Munich International Library Index Network MPRA

Anton's Weekly Digest

Bodleian Libraries of the University of Oxford

Cambridge University Library

National Library of Scotland

Library of Trinity College, Dublin

National Library of Wales

AJSS Volume 13(1) 2023

REGISTERED ADDRESS:

258 Kingsland Road

Meridian Centre, London E8 4DG, United Kingdom

Contact Emails:

centuryjournals@gmail.com

editors@topjournals.co.uk

topjournalsuk@gmail.com

Professor (Mrs) Ashish Virk, Institute of Laws, Panjab University Regional Centre, Punjab, India

Professor J. B. Miima, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology(MMUST), Kenya